The Test of the Concept of Determinism in Natural Scien

6. Concepts of determinism in natural science 6.1. Laplacian determinism is based: A) on the understanding of causality as unambiguous and permanent; B) on the understanding of the surrounding reality; B) on the connection between nature and man; D) on the principle of selection? 6.2. Statistical determinism is: A) mental allocation of an object; B) the divergence of the energy flows of the system; B) the doctrine of the structure of a logical organization; D) the result of the interaction of a large number of elements individually determined in accordance with other types of determination? 6.3. The basis of classical mechanics is: A) three Newton´s laws; B) the Darwinian triad; C) Laplacian determinism; D) Is there no right answer? 6.4. Acceleration is: A) increase in speed; B) the change in speed per unit time; B) the derivative of the velocity; D) are all the answers correct? 6.5. What does Newton´s first law say: A) if there is no force, the acceleration is zero, and the motion takes place rectilinearly and at a constant speed; B) the acceleration of the body is proportional to simply the force acting on this body, and the proportionality coefficient does not depend on the nature of the force; B) Two bodies act on each other by forces that are numerically equal in opposite directions along the straight line connecting the points of application of these forces; D) on the reciprocity of the mechanical effect of forces on each other? 6.6. What is Newton´s second law: A) two bodies act on each other by forces that are numerically equal in opposite directions along a straight line connecting the points of application of these forces; B) on the reciprocity of the mechanical effect of forces on each other; B) the acceleration of the body is proportional to the simple force acting on this body, and the proportionality coefficient does not depend on the nature of the force; D) if there is no force, the acceleration is zero, and the motion is rectilinear and at a constant speed? 6.7. What does Newton´s third law say: A) the acceleration of the body is proportional to the force acting on this body, and the coefficient of proportionality does not depend on the nature of the force; B) Two bodies act on each other by forces that are numerically equal in opposite directions along the straight line connecting the points of application of these forces; B) If there is no force, the acceleration is zero, and the motion occurs rectilinearly and at a constant speed; D) Is there no right answer? 6.8. A closed system is: A) a system that does not exchange energy or substance with the environment; B) a system that exchanges with the environment; B) a system that does not exchange energy with the environment; D) A system that does not exchange with the environment only matter? 6.9. An open system is: A) a system that does not exchange energy only with the environment; B) a system that does not exchange with the environment only matter; B) a system that does not exchange energy or substance with the environment; D) a system that exchanges energy and substance with the environment? 6.10. The second law of thermodynamics is called: A) the law of conservation and transformation of energy; B) the law of increasing entropy; B) the law of conservation of mass; D) Is there no right answer?